Global average temperature has risen by approximately 1°C since the late 19th century
Global weather patterns change over time, driven by natural and human factors. The long-term measurement of weather in a region is known as its climate. Changes to the climate are likely to result in disruptions to water resources, ecosystems and crop yields, as well as increased weather-related extremes, vulnerability of marginalised populations and sea level rise. Human activities including the use of fossil fuels for energy as well as agriculture, deforestation and other industries are releasing increased amounts of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane into the atmosphere. Elevated concentrations of these gases trap increased solar radiation in the atmosphere and are the primary cause of warming of the Earth, and particularly the oceans (IPCC).
Current scientific evidence suggests there is a higher risk of significant and possibly dangerous changes in the global environment if the global temperature rise passes a 2°C threshold compared to pre-industrial times. Significant efforts by the international community are underway to avoid the worst impacts of climate change; to achieve this, harnessing energy in ways that reduce emissions of greenhouse gases is crucial. Since 1992, most countries have been part of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, a treaty providing a framework for international cooperation for combating climate change. This was followed by the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 which commits its developed country Parties to internationally binding emission reduction targets, and the Paris Agreement in 2015 which sets out an international action plan to limit global temperature rise to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. Reaching these targets would require emission patterns to change throughout the global economy. Key opportunities for the energy sector lie in demand side interventions such as energy efficiency and flexible systems, as well as renewable energy sources.
Learn more about climate change and emissions by exploring our Energy Insights.
For details on the progress in achieving the global and national climate change targets read the New Energy World analyses.
Discover UK energy professionals' views of the best measures to reach emissions targets by reading our annual Energy Barometer.
0.0of the0.0
warmest years on record have occurred in the 21st century (NASA)
0billion
metric tonnes of ice per year between 2002 and 2020 has been shed from the Antarctic ice sheet (NASA)
0%
of greenhouse gas emissions in the energy sector in 2021 were CO2 emissions from energy combustion and industrial processes (IEA)
0bcm
of natural gas was flared in 2020, about equal to Central and South America’s gas demand (IEA)
What's new?
New gas power plants needed to ‘reinforce’ energy supply – UK government
13/03/2024
The government’s backing for the construction of new gas-fired power plants forms part of the second consultation on the Review of Electricity Market ...
Australia declares new offshore wind zone in Southern Ocean
13/03/2024
After consultation with local leaders, industry and community groups, the final area is 1,030 km2 – one fifth of the originally proposed zone and no l...
Qatar to increase LNG production capacity by nearly 85%
06/03/2024
Speaking at a press conference at QatarEnergy’s headquarters in Doha, HE Saad Sherida Al-Kaabi, Minister of State for Energy Affairs and President and...
$2tn a year needed to triple global renewables by 2030 and ensure ‘energy for all’
28/02/2024
‘$2tn a year sounds like a cost, but it’s really a choice. We’re set to invest over $6tn in fossil fuels over this decade – more than enough to close ...
UK pulls out of Energy Charter Treaty
28/02/2024
Signed in 1994, the Energy Charter Treaty was designed to promote international investment in the energy sector, historically providing protections fo...
Events and training
EI LIVE I Technical Webinar: Green hydrogen
25/03/2024
Technical Webinar: Green hydrogenThe energy transition continues to drive global momentum behind limiting climate change. International efforts are un...
UK Energy Policy Debate: Battle for Energy Ideas
18/04/2024
This April sees the return of the Energy Institute’s Energy Policy Debates, exploring the ‘Battle of the Energy Ideas’, where distin...
Technical guidance publications
Energy retail station sites green guide: opportunities to contribute to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
2023
The energy and fuel retail sector is one of many industries expected to undergo considerable disruption in the next decade to meet the emerging challe...
Tripod lite: A ‘lite’ tool for investigating simple incidents, events and near misses
2023
This publication is free to download. Register or log in, then click 'download'.Note: this will download a document 'landing page' that inc...
Research report: Application of life cycle assessment methodology to the understanding of the energy balance and efficiency of hydrogen value chain building blocks
2022
This document is free to download for registered users.This publication explores the efficiencies of the hydrogen energy system and quantifies the ene...
Waste to products – Technology and economic assessment (phase 1)
2022
This document is free to download for registered users.The EMG and Soil Wastes and Groundwater group (SWG) of the EI and Concawe have commissioned E4t...
High level framework for process safety management
2022
In 2010 the EI's Process Safety Committee identified a benefit in promoting a common high-level framework for PSM across the energy industry sectors. ...