- Published: October 2026
- REF/ISBN: 9781787256064
- Edition: 1st
Overview:
This publication comprises a research report and accompanying workshop proceedings, provided as a slideshow PDF. After downloading the report, users can access the proceedings as a supplementary material under My EI > My Publications.
There is an opportunity to deploy ammonia and methanol as alternative (lower carbon intensity) fuels at large scale to maritime mobility as a means of climate change impact reduction, but there is a need to understand the maturity of knowledge on health, safety, security, environment and sustainability (HSSE&S) issues for such applications.
This research report comprises:
— A literature review to identify available knowledge and gaps in knowledge, and
— A technical stakeholder engagement workshop to review and validate the literature review and discuss how to address the identified knowledge gaps.
The literature review was divided into four main sections: health and safety; materials and environment; sustainability and life cycle assessment (LCA), and regulatory and policy.
The workshop largely validated the literature review; such that most of the stakeholder engagement time was spent exploring the detail of what needs to be addressed for the knowledge gaps, how to address them, and their prioritisation.
Based on the literature review and validation through workshop stakeholder engagement, there were no identified ‘blockers’ to the use of methanol or ammonia as maritime fuels; however, there were several areas where further research would be beneficial to infill knowledge gaps and enable use of those fuels.
Sharing the knowledge provided in the literature review and taking forward the identified knowledge gaps should enable the safe and sustainable adoption of these lower carbon intensity maritime fuels at scale thereby reducing climate impacts compared to use of conventional fuels.
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